Political unrest is a situation where dissatisfaction with the government or government policies leads to protests, strikes, or even revolution. This can have severe consequences for society and the economy.
The six root causes of civil unrest are climate change, economic inequality, globalisation, political oppression, identity politics, and violence. These all interact with one another to create a fertile ground for instability and conflict. Climate change affects livelihoods by disrupting water supplies, displacing populations, and increasing competition for scarce resources. Economic inequality fuels civil unrest as a small percentage of the population continues to accumulate vast wealth while the rest struggle to get by. Globalisation has eroded traditional cultures and economies, triggering anger at cultural homogenisation and a sense of loss of national identity. Political oppression, such as corruption and censorship, can undermine people’s faith in democratic institutions like free elections and peaceful transfers of power. Movements for racial and social justice typically have peaceful aims but can turn violent when they feel the state is failing to respond.
When political unrest erupts, it can impact your safety, academic progress, and ability to travel, work, or shop. Be aware of local events, read the International SOS destination guides (available in the Assistance App and Member Portal) and Amnesty International’s country reports on human rights, and check Harvard GSS risk ratings frequently. If prolonged civil unrest deteriorates security or the ability to access essential services, consider relocating. You can also stay safe by planning ahead and making contingency plans, such as arranging alternative transportation and keeping a “go bag” with emergency supplies.
