Government policy encompasses the laws, enactments, and regulations that governments – at all levels – adopt to influence and produce social outputs. These policies can either directly impact behaviours (Make and Buy), or indirectly affect behaviours by influencing the cost of an alternative solution (Subsidize and Prohibit).
A key aspect of public policy is understanding the context in which it operates, as the political process can be influenced by factors both internal and external to a country’s system of governance. Whether it’s a rise in global food or fuel prices, or the need to bolster an economy, these external factors can reshape priorities that are then reflected in government policy.
The traditional picture of a policymaking process is that it unfolds in neat, predictable stages, beginning with agenda setting and problem definition and ending with the implementation of solutions and the evaluation of those policies’ impacts. However, in practice there are many complex issues that must be considered, from the way a problem is framed by different stakeholders to the impact of the use of certain language on human perception and interpretation.
OGP members are working to address key areas of governance that will strengthen democracy and improve people’s lives, including tackling corruption and strengthening a citizen-centred approach to government, enabling them to shape and participate in policy that is meaningful to their needs. These efforts are crucial to restoring trust in our democratic institutions and ensuring that elections reflect the will of the people.